Imishini yeJig isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yezimboni ezahlukahlukene, iguqula inqubo yokuhlukanisa izinto ezahlukene kahle nangendlela efanele. Kulesi sihloko, sizokwehla ezweni lemishini yejig, sihlola ukusebenza kwazo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinzuzo, kanye nezinto okufanele zicabangele lapho sikhetha okulungile ngezidingo zakho ezithile.
Okokuqala, sizovula umsebenzi womshini wejig, ukuqonda izindlela ezikwenzayo ukuze kufinyelele imiphumela emihle yokuhlukanisa. Ngabe umshini we-jig usebenza kanjani ? Sizohlinzeka ngesibukezo esibanzi sezinqubo ze-step-by-step ezibandakanyekayo, sikhanyisa ngobunjiniyela obuhlakani ngemuva kwale divayisi emangalisayo.
Ukuqhubekela phambili, sizohlola izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi eziningi zemishini ye-jig. Ukusuka kumaminerali ukucubungula kanye nokuhlanza amalahle kube ukululama kwensimbi kanye nokuzuza kwensimbi, le mishini eguquguqukayo ithole indawo yayo emikhakheni eminingi. Izicelo zemishini ye-jig zizoqokomisa imikhakha ehlukahlukene ezuza ekusetshenzisweni kwazo nokuthi ziqonda kanjani imisebenzi ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizoxoxa ngezinzuzo eza nazo zisebenzisa imishini yejig. Noma ngabe yikhono labo lokuphatha uhla olubanzi lwamasayizi wezinhlayiyana, ukusebenza kwezindleko, noma imvelo yabo enobungani bemvelo, izinzuzo zokusebenzisa imishini ye-jig kuzokhombisa izinzuzo eziningi ezibenza bakhethe izilungiselelo ezithandwayo ezindlekweni zezimboni.
Okokugcina, sizongena ezintweni okufanele sibhekwe lapho sikhetha umshini wejig. Ngobuningi bezinketho ezitholakala emakethe, kubalulekile ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi ngokususelwa kwizidingo ezithile. Izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha umshini we-jig uzonikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ukuze kusizakale kwinqubo yokwenza izinqumo, ukuqinisekisa ukukhethwa komshini ofaneleke kakhulu wemiphumela efanelekile.
Ekuphetheni, le ndatshana ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda okuphelele kwemishini ye-jig, ukusebenza kwawo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, izinzuzo, kanye nokucatshangelwa okusemqoka lapho ukhetha okulungile lapho ukhetha okulungile. Noma ngabe ungumqeqeshi ofuna ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zakho zezimboni noma umane unelukuluku ngalobu buchwepheshe obusha, le ndatshana izosebenza njengemithombo ebalulekile ekwambuleni izimfihlakalo zemishini ye-jig.
Ngabe umshini we-jig usebenza kanjani?
Umshini we-jig uyisiqeshana esibalulekile semishini esetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kwezimayini kanye namaminerali. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuhlukanisa amaminerali abalulekile ezintweni zokwakha imfucuza ngokusebenzisa umgomo wokuhlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi. Kepha usebenza kanjani kalula umshini wejig?
Ukusebenza komshini wejig kuqala ngokudla kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezivuthiwe esitsheni ezenzelwe ngokukhethekile ezibizwa ngokuthi yigumbi lokujikisa. Leli gumbi lihlome ngesikrini noma ngesihlungo sokuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ngokuya ngosayizi wazo. Izinhlayiya ezinkulu zishiywe ku-mesh ngesiphithiphithi, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezincane ziwela egumbini lejigi kusuka emgodini obabazekayo.
Lapho izinto zokwakha zihlukaniswe, umshini wejig usebenzisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okudonsa ukudala ukunyakaza ngaphakathi kweChamber. Le mporation ibangela izinhlayiya ukuthi ziphazamise ngobukhulu, ngamaminerali aphezulu acwila ezansi kwathi abakhanyayo bantanta phezulu. Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi i-stratification.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekusebenzeni komshini we-jig ngukuhlukaniswa kwangempela kwamaminerali. Izinhlayiya ezisindayo, eziqukethe amaminerali abalulekile, ziqoqwa ezansi kwegumbi elijijekayo. Lezi zinhlayiya zidedelwa nge-valve, ngenkathi izinto zokulahla imfucuza zisuswa phezulu.
Ukuthola ukwahlukana okuphelele, umshini wejig uncike umehluko ngokuqina kwamandla athile adonsela phansi phakathi kwamaminerali. Amandla athile athile athile isilinganiso sobukhulu bento uma kuqhathaniswa nobukhulu bamanzi. Ngokushintsha imvamisa ye-pulsation kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwamanzi, opharetha bangakhulisa inqubo yokuhlukanisa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaminerali.
Enye yezinzuzo ezisemqoka zokusebenzisa umshini wejig yikhono layo lokuphatha uhla olubanzi lwamasayizi wezinhlayiya. Umshini we-jig usetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni ukuhlukanisa ithusi, isiliva, uthini, uTungsten, Tantalum, niobium, titanium, zirconium, ama-ores aphambili we-chromium.
Izicelo zemishini yejig
Imishini yeJig, eyaziwa nangokuthi imishini yokujikisa, amathuluzi aguquguqukayo asetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene ngohlobo lwezicelo. Le mishini yenzelwe ukuhlukanisa izinto ezahlukene ngokuya ngamandla adonsela phansi athile, ukuvumela ukuhlelwa okusebenzayo nokunembile. Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ye-jig kuhluke futhi kungatholakala ezimayini, ukucubungula amaminerali, kanye nokuphinda usebenzise kabusha ukusebenza.
Enye yezinto zokusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo kwemishini ye-jig isemboni yezimayini. Zivame ukuqashwa ekukhishweni kwamaminerali anjenge-tin, namadayimane. Imishini yokujikisa isebenza ngokukhethekile ekuhlukaniseni amaminerali abalulekile ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ze-Gangae ngokususelwa ekuhlukeni kwawo kobukhulu. Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi kuphela amaminerali afisa aqoqwe, andise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kwezimayini.
Ngaphezu kwezimayini, imishini yejig isetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni zokucubungula amaminerali. Le mishini idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqoqweni kwamaminerali abalulekile kusuka ku-ore. Ngokusebenzisa umgomo wokuhlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi, imishini yokuthambisa ingahlukanisa ngempumelelo ama-Minerals ezinto ezahlukene. Lokhu kwenza ukukhiqizwa kokugxila kwebanga eliphakeme, okungaqhutshwa futhi noma kuthengiswe ngqo kumakhasimende.
Imishini yeJig ibuye ithole izinhlelo zokusebenza embonini yokuvuselela kabusha. Zisetshenziswa ekwehlukanisweni nasekubuyiselweni kwezinto ezivela emifuleni yokungcola. Ngokusebenzisa ama-jigs, izinto ezisetshenziswa kabusha ezifana namapulasitiki, izinsimbi, nengilazi zingahlelwa ngokuya ngamandla abo athile adonsela phansi. Lokhu kuvumela ukululama ngempumelelo kwezinsiza ezibalulekile, ukunciphisa imfucuza nokukhuthaza ukusimama.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini yejig iye yafakazela ukuthi ilusizo emkhakheni wokulungiselela amalahle. Ezitshalweni zokugeza amalahle, imishini yokujikijekayo isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa amalahle kusuka ekungcoleni, njenge-rock kanye ne-shale. Inqubo yokujikijela iqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle ahlanzekile, okungasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nezinye izinhloso zezimboni. Ngokwengeziwe, ukusetshenziswa kwemishini ye-jig kulungiselelwa kwamalahle kusiza ukunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo wemayini yamalahle kanye nokuhlangana.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ama-jig machines
Imishini yeJig isibe yithuluzi elibalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo eziningi. Le mishini isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimayini, ukucubungula amaminerali, nezinqubo zokuzuzisa ze-Ore. Ngokusebenza kwabo okusebenzayo kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile, imishini yejig inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile kumabhizinisi kanye nabantu abathile ngokufanayo.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa imishini ye-jig yikhono labo lokuhlukanisa izinto ezahlukene ngokuya ngamandla abo athile adonsela phansi. Le nqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi, ivumela ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwezinhlayiya ezisindayo nezikhanyayo. Ngokusebenzisa umgomo wamandla adonsela phansi, imishini yejig ingahlukanisa ngempumelelo amaminerali abalulekile ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ze-gangUE, okuholela ekuhlanzeni okuphezulu nokukhiqizwa okwengeziwe.
Enye inzuzo yemishini ye-jig ukuguquguquka kwabo. Le mishini ingaphatha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinto, kufaka phakathi amalahle, i-iron ore, i-tin, ne-tungsten. Zingashintshwa kalula ukuze kuhlaliswe osayizi abahlukahlukene bondla okuphakelayo kanye nezinqumo, zibenze balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Noma ngabe kungenxa yokugoqa, ukuhlanza, noma izinhloso zokuhlehlisa, imishini yejig ingalulama ngempumelelo amaminerali abalulekile futhi yandise ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo.
Ngaphezu kokusebenza okuhlukahlukene, imishini yejig inikeza isixazululo esisebenza ngempumelelo yokusebenza kwamaminerali. Le mishini inokusebenzisa amandla aphansi futhi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane, ukunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanani aphezulu okutakula atholakala ngemishini yeJig anikela ngenzuzo eyengeziwe, njengoba kutholakala amaminerali abalulekile futhi asetshenziswa.
Imishini ye-Jig nayo igabhe nje i-compact design, ibenze balungele zombili izilinganiso ezincane nezinkulu. Izinyawo zabo ezincane zivumela ukufakwa okulula nokuhlanganiswa ezitshalweni ezikhona zokucubungula. Ngokwengeziwe, imishini yejig yaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kalula, idinga ukuqeqeshwa okuncane nokugadwa. Le nto enobungane esebenziseka kalula iqinisekisa ukuthi amabhizinisi angasebenzisa ngokushesha futhi asebenzise imishini ye-jig ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo wabo jikelele.
Izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhetha umshini wejig
Uma kukhulunywa ngokukhetha umshini wejig, kunezici ezimbalwa ezidinga ukucatshangelwa. Umshini wejig uyithuluzi elibalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezinjengezokumbiwa phansi, ukwakhiwa, kanye nokusebenza ngokhuni. Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa nokugxilisa izinto ezahlukene ezisuselwa ekudonseni kwazo okuthile. Ngezinketho eziningi kangaka ezitholakala emakethe, kungahle kube nzima ukukhetha umshini wejig olungile wezidingo zakho. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinto ezithile ezibalulekile okufanele zibhekwe lapho zenza lesi sinqumo.
Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuhlola amandla nosayizi womshini wejig. Umthamo ubhekisa enanini lezinto ezibonakalayo umshini angasingatha ngesikhathi esithile. Lokhu kucatshangelwa okubalulekile njengoba kunquma ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhiqiza komshini. Ngokwengeziwe, usayizi womshini wejig kufanele uhambisane nendawo etholakalayo emsebenzini wakho. Kubalulekile ukukala ubukhulu ngokunembile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kufanelekile.
Ikhwalithi nokuqina komshini wejig nakho kuyizinto ezibucayi okufanele zicatshangelwe. Ukutshala imali emshinini osezingeni eliphakeme kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside nokusebenza kahle. Umshini kufanele wenziwe ngezinto eziqinile ezinamandla ongamelana nobunzima bomsebenzi osindayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe umshini ovela kumkhiqizi odumile onikeza amawaranti kanye nokusekelwa kokuthengisa ngemuva. Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngokuqiniseka nokuthula kwengqondo uma kuvela noma yiziphi izingqinamba ngokuzayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulula ukusetshenziswa nokunakekelwa akufanele kunganakwa. Umshini wejig onobungane osebenziseka kalula onemiyalo ecacile nezilawuli ezinembile zingagcina isikhathi nomzamo ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngokwengeziwe, ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe isikhathi eside somshini. Kubalulekile ukukhetha umshini okulula ukuhlanza, ukulungiswa, nokulungisa ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula futhi wandise umkhiqizo.
Ukugcina
Imishini ye-Jig ingamathuluzi abalulekile wokusebenza kwamaminerali imisebenzi njengoba ingahlukanisa amaminerali abalulekile ezintweni zokungcola ngamandla adonsela phansi. Ziyaguquguquka futhi zithola izicelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ezinjengezokumbiwa phansi, ukucubungula amaminerali, ukuvumelanisa kabusha, kanye nokulungiselela amalahle. Imishini yeJig inikezela ngezixazululo ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo zokuhlukanisa ngokusebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza, kuthuthukisa izindlela ezizinzile, futhi kunomthelela ekusimeni kwemvelo.
Le mishini ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile, kufaka phakathi ukusebenza kwezindleko kanye nokuthembela, kubenza baphatheke kahle ekusebenzeni kwezinsizakusebenza nokuthola impumelelo ezimbonini ezifanele. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha umshini wejig olungile kudinga ukucubungula ngokucophelela kwezinto ezinjengethamo, usayizi, uhlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, ikhwalithi, nokusebenziseka kalula. Ukutshala imali emshinini we-jig onokwethenjelwa futhi osebenzayo kungathuthukisa umkhiqizo futhi kufake isandla empumelelweni yokusebenza.
