Emisebenzini yezimayini, ukuphathwa kwemisila okuphumelelayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokusimama kwemboni. Ithuluzi elilodwa elibalulekile kule nqubo ukusetshenziswa kwezikrini zokususa amanzi.
Lezi zikrini zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwehlukaniseni amanzi nemfucumfucu eqinile, eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-tailings, okuholela ekukhiqizeni udoti olawuleka kakhudlwana futhi ohambisana nemvelo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinzuzo zezikrini zokususa amanzi ekulawuleni i-tailings futhi sihlole izici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa izikrini ezifanele kakhulu zemisebenzi ethile yezimayini.
Ukwengeza, sizocubungula ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obusetshenziswa ezikrinini zokususa amanzi, sigqamisa ukusebenza kahle kwazo nokusebenza kwazo. Ukubonisa ukuqaliswa okuyimpumelelo kwezikrini zokususa amanzi, sizokwethula izifundo ezimbalwa ezivela emisebenzini yezimayini eziye zabhekana nokuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ezinkambisweni zabo zokuphatha i-tailings.Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kwezikrini zokususa amanzi kanye nendima yazo ekulawuleni i-tailings, izinkampani zezimayini zingenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ukuze zithuthukise ukusebenza kwazo futhi zifake isandla ekusaseni elizinzile.
Izinzuzo ze-Dewatering Screens in Tailings Management
Izikrini zokususa amanzi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawulweni kwezinsalela, zinikeza izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezisiza ekulahlekeni kwemfucuza okusebenzayo nokusimeme. Lezi zikrini ziklanyelwe ukususa umswakama owedlulele odongeni olukhiqizwayo ngesikhathi sokumba, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsalela eziwumphumela zomile futhi ziyalawuleka.
1.Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile ze ama-dewatering screens yikhono lawo lokunciphisa inani lamanzi ku-tailings. Ngokususa umswakama, lezi zikrini zehlisa kakhulu umthamo wemfucuza edinga ukugcinwa noma ukuthuthwa. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokusindisa indawo ebalulekile ezindaweni zezimayini kodwa futhi kunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokulahlwa kwezinsalela.
2.Ngaphezu kokuncishiswa kwamanzi, izikrini zokususa amanzi ziphinde zibe nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-tailings. Izinsika ezomile ezitholwe ngale nqubo kulula ukuziphatha, ukunqwabelanisa, kanye nokufunwa kabusha. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokuzinza kwezindawo zokugcina izinsalela, kunciphisa ingozi yezingozi ezinjengokufadalala kwamadamu noma ukungazinzi kwemithambeka.
3.Enye inzuzo yezikrini zokususa amanzi umthelela wazo omuhle ezicini zezomnotho zokuphathwa kwe-tailings. Ngokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi kumfucumfucu, lezi zikrini zivumela ukuthuthwa okuphumelelayo nokulahlwa. Lokhu kusho ukonga izindleko zezinkampani zezimayini, njengoba zingakwazi ukuthutha umthamo ophezulu wezinto ezomile zisebenzisa izinsiza ezifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-tailing asuswe amanzi angahle aphinde ahloselwe ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, njengokugcwaliswa kabusha noma ukubuyiselwa komhlaba, kukhulise inani lazo.
3.Ngokombono wemvelo, izikrini zokususa amanzi zifaka isandla ekwehliseni ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi emisebenzini yezimayini. Ngokukhipha amanzi engeziwe ku-slurry, lezi zikrini zinciphisa isidingo sokuphuza amanzi ahlanzekile, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okuzinzile kwalo mthombo oyigugu. Ukwengeza, ama-tailing omile akhiqizwa izikrini zokususa amanzi anengozi encane yokungcolisa imithombo yamanzi ezungezile, ukuvikela i-ecosystem yendawo.
Izinto Okufanele Uzicabange Lapho Ukhetha Izikrini Zokukhipha Amanzi Zokulawulwa Kwemisila
Uma kuziwa ekuphathweni kwe-tailings, ukukhetha izikrini ezifanele zokususa amanzi kubalulekile. Izikrini zokususa amanzi zidlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuhlukanisa izinto eziqinile kuketshezi, ukuqinisekisa ukuphathwa okuphumelelayo nangempumelelo kwezinsalela. Njengoba kunezinketho eziningi ezitholakalayo emakethe, kungase kube nzima ukukhetha izikrini zokususa amanzi ezifanele kakhulu ngezidingo zakho ezithile. Nokho, ukucabangela izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile kungakusiza wenze isinqumo unolwazi.
1.Ubukhulu kanye Nohlobo Lwemisila
Okokuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuhlola ubukhulu kanye nohlobo lwemisila obhekene nayo. Izikrini ezihlukene zokususa amanzi zenzelwe ukuphatha izinto ezihlukene kanye nosayizi bezinhlayiyana. Ukuqonda izici zemisila yakho kuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe isikrini sokususa amanzi esingakhipha amanzi futhi sihlukanise okuqinile oketshezini.
2.Amandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesikrini sokususa amanzi
Esinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe amandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesikrini sokususa amanzi. Umthamo ubhekisela enanini lezinto isikrini esingacubungula phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi. Kubalulekile ukukhetha isikrini sokususa amanzi esingakwazi ukuphatha umthamo wama-tailings okudingeka uwucubungule. Ukwengeza, ukusebenza kahle kwesikrini kubalulekile ekwandiseni inqubo yokukhipha amanzi. Bheka izikrini ezifakwe ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe nezici zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu.
3.Ukwakhiwa kanye Nokuqina Kwesikrini Sokukhipha Amanzi
Ukwakhiwa nokuqina kwesikrini sokususa amanzi kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe. Ukuphathwa komsila kungaba inqubo enenkani, futhi isikrini kufanele sikwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinzima nokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo. Khetha izikrini ezenziwe ngezinto zekhwalithi ephezulu futhi ezinokwakhiwa okuqinile ukuze uqinisekise ukuphila isikhathi eside kanye nesikhathi esincane sokuphumula.
4.Izidingo Zokulondolozwa Kwezikrini Zokukhipha Amanzi
Ngaphezu kwalokho, cabangela izidingo zokunakekelwa kwesikrini sokususa amanzi. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze ugcine isikrini sisesimweni esifanele futhi uvimbele noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka enqubweni yokuphatha ama-tailings. Bheka izikrini okulula ukuzinakekela futhi ezinezingxenye ezifinyelelekayo zokuhlanza nokusevisa.
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kuzikrini zokususa amanzi zokulawula i-Tailings
Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ezikrinini zokususa amanzi buye bashintsha ukuphathwa kwe-tailings ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Lezi zixazululo ezintsha zenzelwe ukuhlukanisa kahle izinhlayiya eziqinile oketshezini, kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwamanzi aphelele kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wendawo. Izikrini zokukhipha amanzi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwezinsalela, okuyizinto ezilahlwayo ezikhiqizwa ngemva kokukhipha amaminerali abalulekile ensimbi.
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zezikrini zokususa amanzi ezithuthukisiwe yikhono lazo lokusingatha umthamo omkhulu wezinto ngenkathi zigcina izinga eliphezulu lokususa amanzi kahle. Lezi zikrini zifakwe izindlela zesimanje ezisusa ngempumelelo umswakama owedlulele emisileni, okuholela kumkhiqizo kadoti ohlangene futhi olawulekayo. Ngokunciphisa umswakama, izikrini zokususa amanzi zenza kube lula ukuphatha, ukuthuthwa, kanye nokulahlwa kwemisila.
Ukwengeza, lobu buchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bunikeza ukulawula okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuguquguquka ekulawuleni ama-tailings. Angenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ukuze ahambisane nezidingo ezithile zokucubungula, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi balungise amapharamitha afana ne-engeli yesikrini, ukuqina kokudlidliza, nesivinini. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kwenza ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kosayizi bezinhlayiyana ezahlukene, okuholela ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe kokukhipha amanzi.
Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo yezikrini zokususa amanzi ezithuthukisiwe yikhono lazo lokuphatha inhlobonhlobo yezinto. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ama-tailing-grained fine-grained noma izinhlayiya ezimahhadla, lezi zikrini zingahlukanisa ngempumelelo izinto eziqinile noketshezi, kungakhathaliseki usayizi wezinhlayiyana noma ukwakheka. Lokhu kuguquguquka kubenza bafanelekele izimboni ezahlukene, okuhlanganisa izimayini, ukucubungula izimbiwa, kanye nokukhiqizwa okuhlanganisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikrini ezithuthukisiwe zokususa amanzi zihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo kukonke nokwethembeka. Isibonelo, ezinye izikrini zisebenzisa amaphaneli e-polyurethane anezimbobo eziklanywe ngokukhethekile, ezithuthukisa ukumelana nokuguga kwesikrini futhi andise isikhathi saso sokuphila. Lezi zikrini futhi zifaka izindlela ezintsha zokudlidliza eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nangempumelelo, ezinciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula nezokulungisa.
Izibonelo: Ukuqaliswa Okuyimpumelelo Kwezikrini Zokukhipha Amanzi Ekusebenzeni Kwezimayini
Izikrini zokususa amanzi zibonakale ziyingxenye ebalulekile emisebenzini yezimayini, ezivumela ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kanye nokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe. Lezi zikrini ziye zashintsha indlela amanzi asuswa ngayo ezintweni ezihlukahlukene zezimayini, okuhlinzeka ngesisombululo esingabizi futhi esinobungani bemvelo.
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zezikrini zokususa amanzi yikhono lazo lokuhlukanisa izinto eziqinile emanzini, okuvumela ukuphatha nokulahla kalula. Ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokudlidliza namandla adonsela phansi, lezi zikrini zisusa kahle umswakama owedlulele ovela ezintweni zezimayini ezifana namalahle, insimbi yensimbi, nama-aggregate. Lokhu akugcini nje ukunciphisa isisindo kanye nomthamo wezinto zokwakha kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yazo ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokucubungula.
Emisebenzini yezimayini, isikhathi nezindleko yizici ezibalulekile. Izikrini zokususa amanzi zidlala indima enkulu ekwandiseni lezi zici ngokunciphisa isidingo semishini yokomisa eyengeziwe kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokuthutha. Ngokususa kahle umswakama, lezi zikrini zivumela ukucutshungulwa kwezinto ezisheshayo futhi zandise ukukhiqiza okuphelele komsebenzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikrini zokususa amanzi zifaka isandla ekusimameni kwemisebenzi yezimayini. Ngokunciphisa inani lamanzi asetshenzisiwe kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wemvelo, basiza ukulondoloza lo mthombo oyigugu. Ukususwa kahle komswakama nakho kunciphisa ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamanzi futhi kwenza ukulahlwa okuphephile kwemfucumfucu yasezimayini.
Ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwezikrini zokususa amanzi kuhlanganisa ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwezinto ezihlukahlukene. Idizayini nosayizi wezikrini kufanele kuhambisane nokusebenza kwezimayini ezithile kanye nezici zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukwengeza, ukugcinwa njalo nokuqapha kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Isiphetho
Izikrini zokususa amanzi zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi ekulawuleni umsila, okuhlanganisa ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi, ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezibonakalayo, ukuqinisa ukuphepha, kanye nokukhiqiza ukonga izindleko.
Baphinde babambe iqhaza ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi ngendlela eqhubekayo futhi banciphise ubungozi bemvelo. Ukukhetha izikrini ezifanele zokususa amanzi kuhilela ukucabangela izici ezifana nosayizi wetailing nohlobo, umthamo nokusebenza kahle, ukwakhiwa nokuqina, kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa. Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ezikrinini zokususa amanzi buye bathuthukisa kakhulu ukuphathwa kwe-tailings ezimbonini ezihlukene ngokuhlinzeka ngokuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwezinto eziqinile kuketshezi kanye nokunciphisa okuqukethwe komswakama.
Lezi zikrini zinikeza ukulawula okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuguquguquka ekucubunguleni ama-tailings futhi ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile nempilo yesikrini enwetshiwe. Izikrini zokukhipha amanzi emanzini ziguqule imboni yezimayini ngokuvumela ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwemisebenzi yezimayini. Basusa umswakama owedlulele ezintweni zezimayini, okuholela ekongeni kwezindleko, ukwanda kokukhiqiza, nokusimama kwemvelo. Ngokuhlela nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela, lezi zikrini zingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-ns operatio ns.
