Kulekanitsa maginito ndi njira yovuta kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri, kuphatikiza migodi, kukonzanso zinthu, ndi zitsulo. Pamtima pa ndondomekoyi pali Permanent Magnetic Separator , chipangizo chomwe chimalekanitsa bwino zinthu zachitsulo kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda chitsulo. Kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a olekanitsa maginito okhazikika ndikofunikira pakuwongolera bwino kulekanitsa ndikuwonetsetsa kuyera kwa chinthu chomaliza.
Kupatukana kwa maginito kumapangitsa mphamvu ya maginito ya zinthu kulekanitsa ferro ndi zinthu zopanda chitsulo. Zida zokhala ndi mphamvu zamaginito zimakopeka ndi mphamvu ya maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azisiyanitsidwa ndi zinthu zopanda mphamvu kapena zopanda maginito. Kuchita bwino kwa njirayi kumadalira kwambiri mawonekedwe a maginito olekanitsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Maginito osatha amapereka mphamvu ya maginito nthawi zonse popanda kufunikira kwa magetsi akunja. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala odalirika kwambiri komanso osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti azigwira ntchito mosalekeza. Mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa mphamvu ya maginito ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuchita kosasinthasintha kwa olekanitsa.
Olekanitsa maginito osatha adapangidwa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera magwiridwe antchito awo komanso kukwanira pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. M'munsimu muli zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri:
Kuchuluka kwa maginito kwa cholekanitsa kumatsimikizira kuthekera kwake kokopa tinthu tachitsulo. Olekanitsa maginito osatha ali ndi maginito amphamvu kwambiri omwe amatha kugwira ngakhale zowononga kwambiri zachitsulo. Izi zimatsimikizira chiyero chapamwamba muzinthu zowonongeka.
Zopangidwa ndi zida zolimba, zolekanitsa maginito okhazikika zimapereka moyo wautali komanso kupirira zovuta zogwirira ntchito. Mapangidwe awo amachepetsa kutha, kumachepetsa kufunika kokonza pafupipafupi. Kukhazikika uku kumatanthauza kutsika mtengo wogwirira ntchito pakapita nthawi.
Popeza kuti maginito okhazikika safuna magetsi kuti asunge mphamvu ya maginito, zolekanitsazi ndizopanda mphamvu kwambiri. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mafakitale omwe akufuna kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Olekanitsa maginito osatha ndi osinthasintha ndipo amatha kuphatikizidwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana opangira zinthu. Ndiwoyenera kumadera owuma kapena onyowa ndipo amatha kuthana ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana azinthu ndi zolemba.
Pothetsa kufunika kwa zigawo zamagetsi, olekanitsa maginito okhazikika amachepetsa chiopsezo cha zoopsa zamagetsi. Ntchito yawo imachepetsanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe pochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi zinthu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya olekanitsa maginito okhazikika ilipo, iliyonse yopangidwira ntchito zinazake komanso mawonekedwe azinthu.
Zolekanitsazi zimakhala ndi ng'oma yozungulira yokhala ndi maginito okhazikika. Pamene ng'oma imazungulira, zida zachitsulo zimakopeka ndi mphamvu ya maginito ndikulekanitsidwa ndi mtsinje wosakhala ndi maginito. Olekanitsa ng'oma ndiwothandiza pakukonza kwamphamvu kwambiri.
Olekanitsa overband amaimitsidwa pamwamba pa malamba onyamula. Amachotsa zowonongeka zowonongeka kuchokera kuzinthu zowonongeka, kuonetsetsa kuti zipangizo zotsika pansi zimagwira ntchito popanda kusokoneza. Mtundu uwu ndi wabwino kuti mosalekeza kuchotsa tramp chitsulo.
Olekanitsa mbale amagwiritsa ntchito maginito maginito kuti agwire tinthu tachitsulo kuchokera ku zinthu zomwe zimagwa kapena slurries. Ndiwothandiza makamaka pochotsa zodetsa kuchokera ku zinthu za granular kapena powdery.
Zida zomangira ndi mapangidwe a olekanitsa maginito okhazikika zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito awo komanso kuyenerera kwa ntchito zinazake.
Zida zamaginito wamba zimaphatikizapo ferrite, neodymium iron boron (NdFeB), ndi samarium cobalt (SmCo). NdFeB maginito kupereka mphamvu maginito mkulu ndipo ndi oyenera analanda particles zabwino, pamene ferrite maginito ndi ndalama zoipitsa zazikulu.
Nyumbayi imateteza maginito kuti asawonongeke ndi kuipitsidwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena zinthu zina zosakhala ndi maginito, zolimbana ndi dzimbiri zimakulitsa kulimba kwa cholekanitsa, makamaka m'malo ovuta kapena onyowa.
Kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a olekanitsa maginito okhazikika kumaphatikizapo zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza masinthidwe, kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ndi kukula kwa tinthu tazinthu zomwe zikukonzedwa.
Olekanitsa ena amalola kusintha mphamvu ya maginito kuti igwirizane ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kusinthasintha uku kumapangitsa kulekanitsa bwino pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana.
Kusankha cholekanitsa ndi mphamvu yoyenera ndi miyeso imatsimikizira kuti kutuluka kwa zinthu kumayendetsedwa mokwanira. Zida zokulirapo kapena zocheperako zimatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale kusachita bwino komanso kuchepa kwa kulekanitsa.
Olekanitsa maginito osatha amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale angapo chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso kudalirika kwawo.
Mu migodi, olekanitsa amachotsa mchere wamtengo wapatali wachitsulo kuchokera ku ores, kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa zipangizo zochotsedwa. Amachotsanso zonyansa zachitsulo zosafunikira zomwe zingakhudze zida zopangira.
Malo obwezeretsanso amagwiritsa ntchito zolekanitsa maginito okhazikika kuti apezenso zitsulo zachitsulo kuchokera ku zinyalala. Kubwezeretsa kumeneku ndikofunikira kuti chuma chisasunthike komanso kuchepetsa zinyalala zomwe zimatumizidwa kumalo otayirako.
M'mafakitalewa, olekanitsa amawonetsetsa kuti zinthu zilibe zonyansa, zomwe zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo chaumoyo kapena kusokoneza kukhulupirika kwazinthu. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zaukhondo pakumanga zolekanitsa ndikofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito izi.
Kukonzekera koyenera kwa olekanitsa maginito okhazikika ndikofunikira kuti magwiridwe antchito azikhala okhazikika komanso otetezeka kuntchito.
Kuwunika nthawi zonse kumathandiza kuzindikira kuvala kapena kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zolekanitsa. Kuyeretsa maginito kumapangitsa kuti maginito particles asamangidwe, zomwe zingachepetse mphamvu.
Oyendetsa ayenera kusamala akamagwira ntchito pafupi ndi maginito amphamvu. Kusunga zida zamagetsi ndi zinthu zogwira maginito patali zimateteza ngozi ndi kuwonongeka kwa zida.
Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwapangitsa kuti pakhale makina olekanitsa amphamvu kwambiri komanso apadera.
Kuyambitsidwa kwa maginito osowa padziko lapansi, monga maginito a neodymium, kwachulukitsa kwambiri mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imapezeka mu zolekanitsa. Izi kuwongola amalola analanda kopitilira muyeso-zabwino zitsulo zitsulo.
Olekanitsa amakono angaphatikizepo njira zoyeretsera zodzitchinjiriza zomwe zimachotsa zida zachitsulo zomwe zagwidwa popanda kufunikira kulowererapo pamanja. Izi zimathandizira chitetezo komanso zimachepetsa nthawi yopuma.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zolekanitsa zokhazikika zokhazikika zimatha kukhala ndi phindu lalikulu pazachuma komanso chilengedwe.
Powonjezera chiyero cha mankhwala ndi kuteteza zida zotsika pansi kuti zisawonongeke, olekanitsa amachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso kutsika kofunikira kosamalira kumathandiziranso kupulumutsa mtengo.
Njira zolekanitsa bwino zimathandizira kubwezeretsanso zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa ntchito zatsopano zamigodi. Kusungidwa kwa zinthu izi kumagwirizana ndi zolinga zachitukuko chokhazikika.
Ntchito zenizeni padziko lapansi zikuwonetsa mphamvu za olekanitsa maginito okhazikika m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Malo obwezeretsanso ophatikizidwa Permanent Magnetic Separator mayunitsi mu mizere yawo yopangira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti 20% ionjezeke pakuchira kwachitsulo. Kusintha kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti pakhale phindu lalikulu komanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.
Kampani ina yopanga mankhwala idakhazikitsa zolekanitsa maginito okhazikika kuti athetse zowononga za ferrous pazogulitsa zawo. Zotsatira zake zidakulitsidwa chitetezo chazinthu ndikutsata malamulo okhwima amakampani.
Olekanitsa maginito osatha ndi zida zofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa maginito m'mafakitale angapo. Mawonekedwe awo, monga mphamvu ya maginito, kulimba, kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ndi kusinthasintha, zimathandiza kuti zikhale zogwira mtima komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa izi kumathandizira mabungwe kusankha zida zoyenera pazosowa zawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwongolera bwino, kupulumutsa ndalama, komanso kupindula kwa chilengedwe. Pamene teknoloji ikupita patsogolo, olekanitsa maginito okhazikika apitirizabe kusinthika, kupereka ntchito zowonjezereka komanso zokhazikika.