Ukuqalisa
Endaweni yokusebenza kwamaminerali, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuphumelela kokuhlukanisa amaminerali abalulekile avela ku-ore kubaluleke kakhulu. Enye yezinto ezibucayi kakhulu kule nqubo ukusetshenziswa kwe Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe . Lobu buchwepheshe budlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amaminerali acutshungulwa ngendlela ephumelelayo nenemvelo yemvelo. Njengoba izimboni zilwela ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza ezingcono kanye nomthelela omncane kwezemvelo, ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izisekelo zokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe
Ukwahlukana kazibuthe kuyindlela exhaphaza umehluko ezakhiweni zamabuthe amaminerali ahlukahlukene. Ngokusebenzisa amandla kazibuthe, izinto zokwakha zingahlukaniswa ngokususelwa ekunciphiseni kwamandla kazibuthe. Le nqubo ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamaminerali ukuhlukanisa amaminerali kazibuthe kubazibuthe, ngaleyo ndlela kuvumela ukukhishwa kwezinsimbi ezibalulekile nokunciphisa ukungcola.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe
Imishini esetshenziswe kuhlukaniswa kazibuthe iyahlukahluka, kepha zonke zisebenzela inhloso yokuhlukanisa izinto zobunzima ezivela ezingozini ezingezona ezibukwe. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zifaka:
- Izihlukanisi Zokwehlukana Zobubanzi beDrum: Sebenzisa isigubhu esijikelezayo ukuhlukanisa izinto zikamabanzi kwingxube.
- Izikhundla ze-Magnetic ezingemva kwendilinga: ziqukethe uhlelo lwebhande lokuhambisa olunama-magnets ukususa izinto ezinobunzima.
- bamabuzi obuphezulu obuphezulu Abahlukanisi
- Ama-Magnetic ahlukanisene ama-Magnetic: enzelwe ukucubungula okuhle, ama-slurries nezinto ezimanzi.
Izimiso ezingemva kokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe
Isisekelo esingaphansi kokwehlukana kazibuthe sisuselwa eqinisweni lokuthi izinto zokwakha zibonisa izimpendulo ezihlukile zobusizi. Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic zikhangwa ngokuqinile kuma-marthets, izinto ze-paramagnetic zikhangwa buthakathaka, futhi izinto zokwakha ama-diamagnetic ziyaxoshwa. Ngokuxhaphaza lo mehluko, Imishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe ingahlelela ngempumelelo futhi ihlukanise izinto, okuholela ekuhlanzeni okwengeziwe kwamaminerali akhishwe.
Ukubaluleka ekusebenzeni kwamaminerali
Iqhaza lokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe ekucutshungweni kwamaminerali alikwazi ukweqiwa. Kuyisinyathelo esibucayi ekuzuzeni i-Ores, okuholela ekukhiqizweni kokugxila kwebanga eliphakeme. Ukubaluleka kuqokonyiswa ezindaweni ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:
Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo
Ngokususa ukungcola kanye nezinto zokwakha ezingafuneki, abahlukanisi bamabuzi bathuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina. Lokhu kuzihlanza kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwezinsimbi ezinjengensimbi, uNickel, noCobalt, lapho ubukhona bokungcola bungathinta khona kakhulu izakhiwo zensimbi nenani lemakethe.
Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle
Ukwahlukana kazibuthe ukuqondisa ukuhamba kwemisebenzi yokusebenza kwamaminerali. Ngokuhlukanisa ngempumelelo izinto ezigabeni zokuqala, kunciphisa umthwalo ezinhlelweni ezansi nokugaya, ukugcwala, kanye nokuqhuma. Lokhu kusebenza kuhumushela izindleko eziphansi zokusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Izinzuzo Zemvelo
Isebenzisa imishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe inomthelela ekulondolozeni kwemvelo. Ngokukhulisa ukululama kwezinsiza futhi unciphise imfucuza, kunciphisa ukungezwani kwezemvelo kwemisebenzi yezimayini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe buvame ukuqeda isidingo samakhemikhali ezinqumweni zokwehlukanisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okungaba khona.
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa kazibuthe
Eminyakeni yamuva nje ibone intuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe, iqhutshwa isidingo sezindlela ezisebenza kahle nezizinzile zokucubungula izimbiza.
Abahlukanisi abasezingeni eliphakeme abaphezulu (HGMS)
Ubuchwepheshe be-HGMS buvumela ukwahlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya ezibuthakathaka kakhulu, ezazindelendeke phambilini. Le mishini ikhiqiza amandla kazibuthe aphezulu kakhulu, okwenza ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwamaminerali amahle ne-paramagnetic, ngaleyo ndlela kwandisa izinga lokutakula jikelele.
Izihlukanisi eziphakeme eziphakeme kakhulu
Ama-whims enzelwe ukuhlukaniswa kwama-iron ores namanye amaminerali efomini elinotshani. Bahlinzeka ngezinga eliphezulu lokutakula izinhlayiya ezinhle futhi zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwamaminerali anezinkinga eziphansi zamandla.
Izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo nezinhlelo zokulawula
Imishini yokwehlukanisa kwamandla kazibuthe yanamuhla ivame ukufaka amasistimu we-automation kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula. Lezi zinhlelo zenzele inqubo yokuhlukanisa ngokulungisa amapharamitha okusebenza ngesikhathi sangempela, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle nasekuguqukeni.
Izifundo zamacala zibonisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo
Izibonelo eziningana zomhlaba wangempela zibonisa indima ebalulekile yemishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe ekusebenzeni kwamaminerali.
Inzuzo ye-Iron Ore e-Australia
Izinkampani zezimayini zase-Australia zamukele kakhulu ukwahlukana kazibuthe kwenzuzo ye-iron ore. Ngokusebenzisa abahlukanisi bamabutho obukhulu obukhulu, bathola amazinga aphezulu wokuhlanzeka futhi bathola kabusha insimbi eyengeziwe kusuka ku-ores, okuqinisa inzuzo futhi kunciphise imfucuza.
Ukuphelelwa yimali kwamalahle
Ekusetshenzisweni kwamalahle, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe kusetshenziselwa ukususa i-pyritic sulfur, okunciphisa kakhulu ama-sulphur dioxide ukuphuma ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kwamalahle. Le nqubo ayivezi kuphela ikhwalithi yamalahle kodwa futhi inomthelela emizamweni yokuvikela imvelo.
Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza
Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kabusha kwemisebenzi yokuhlukanisa izinsimbi ezivuthayo kusuka ezintweni ezingezona ze-ferrous. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusiza ukuphindwa kabusha kwezinsimbi futhi kunciphise umthamo wemfucuza othunyelwe ekugcwalisweni komhlaba.
IZINSELELE NOKUFUNDA KOKUFUNDA
Ngenkathi ukwahlukana kazibuthe kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kunezingqinamba nezinto okufanele ucabangele ukwenziwa kwazo ngempumelelo.
Izici ezibonakalayo
Ukusebenza kokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe kuncike kakhulu kwizakhiwo zamazibuthe zamaminerali azithinte. Ukuqonda ukuthambekela kobunzima kanye nokusatshalaliswa kosayizi bezinto zokwakha kubalulekile ekukhetheni imishini efanelekile futhi uzuze ukuhlukaniswa okulungile.
Izindleko Zokusebenza
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kanye nezindleko zokusebenza kungabaluleka. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko-kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe kuyasebenza ngezomnotho esikhathini eside.
Ukulungiswa nokuqina
Ukulungiswa njalo kuyadingeka ukugcina imishini isebenza kahle. Gqoka futhi izinyembezi ezintweni ezihlukumezanayo kungathinta ama-magnets kanye nezinto zemishini, ngakho ukwakhiwa okuhlala isikhathi eside nezinhlelo zokugcina ezifanele.
Izitayela zesikhathi esizayo ekuhlukaniseni kazibuthe
Ikusasa lokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe ekucutshungweni kwamaminerali lihloselwe ama-Innovation kanye nokusimama.
Nanotechnology namanzi kazibuthe
Intuthuko nge-nanotechnology iholela ekuthuthukisweni koketshezi lwamandla kazibuthe kanye nama-nanoparticles angathuthukisa izinqubo zokuhlukanisa, ikakhulukazi izinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu okunzima ukuhlukanisa nezindlela zendabuko.
Ukuhlanganiswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe
Ukuhlanganisa ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe ngobunye ubuchwepheshe, njengokuhlunga okususelwa kwi-sensor kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi, kungaholela ekuguqukeni okusebenzayo kwama-flowsheet asebenzayo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwandisa amanani wokutakula futhi kunciphise izikhathi zokucubungula.
Imikhuba Ezinzile
Kunokugxila okukhulayo emikhubeni yezimayini ezinzile. Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe enekhono elisebenza kahle futhi yehlisa umthelela wezemvelo kuzoba phambili kwentuthuko yezimboni.
Ukugcina
Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwamaminerali. Ikhono layo lokuhlukanisa kahle amaminerali abalulekile kusuka ku-Ores kuholela kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ethuthukisiwe, ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula, kanye nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo. Lapho imboni ivela, insungula eqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa kazibuthe izobalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinselelo zokucubungula kwamaminerali kwanamuhla. Ukutshala imali kuthuthukile Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe akuyona nje isinqumo samasu sokusebenza kahle okusebenzayo kepha futhi nokuzibophezela kokuziphatha kwezimayini ezizinzile nezinomthwalo wemfanelo.
