Intangiriro
Mu rwego rwo gutunganya ibikoresho no gutandukanya ikoranabuhanga, gutandukana bishingiye ku bucucike bugaragara nkuburyo bwibanze bwo gutondekanya imvange itandukanye. Ubu buhanga bushingiye ku itandukaniro ryubwinshi bwibintu kugirango ugere ku gutandukanya neza. Ku isonga ry'ikoranabuhanga ni Ibikoresho bya Gravity Sorting ibikoresho , bikoresha imbaraga za rukuruzi kugirango byorohereze inzira yo gutandukana. Gusobanukirwa n'impamvu itondekanya imbaraga zikomeye mugutandukana gushingiye kubucucike bisaba kwibira cyane mumahame yo kwibanda ku mbaraga rukuruzi, igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye.
Amahame ya Gravity Sorting
Itondekanya rya rukuruzi rishingiye ku ihame ry'uko ibice by'ubucucike butandukanye bizitabira ukundi iyo bikorewe imbaraga za rukuruzi. Iki gisubizo giterwa nibintu nkubunini buke, imiterere, hamwe nuburyo butandukanyirizwamo - bwaba umwuka, amazi, cyangwa uburyo bwuzuye. Amategeko y'ibanze agenga iki gikorwa ni Amategeko ya Stokes, asobanura umuvuduko wo gutuza kw'uduce duto duto. Ibice biremereye bifite ubucucike buri hejuru byihuta kuruta ibyoroshye, bituma habaho gutandukana ukurikije igipimo cyo gutuza.
Amategeko ya Stoke no Gutuza Ibice
Amategeko ya Stokes atanga amahame yuburyo bwo gusobanukirwa ibice bitembera mumazi. Itegeko rivuga ko umuvuduko wo gutuza wikintu cya serefegitura ugereranije neza na kare ya radiyo yacyo no gutandukanya ubucucike buri hagati y’ibice n’amazi, kandi bikagereranywa n’ubwiza bw’amazi. Imibare, ihagarariwe nka:
\ [v = \ frac {2} {9} \ frac {(r ^ 2) (\ rho_p - \ rho_f) g} {\ mu} \]
Aho \ (v \) ni umuvuduko wo gutuza, \ (r \) nigice cya radiyo, \ (\ rho_p \) nubucucike bwibice, \ (\ rho_f \) nubucucike bwamazi, \ (g \) ni kwihuta bitewe nuburemere, kandi \ (\ mu \) nubwinshi bwamazi. Iri gereranya ryerekana uburyo uburemere bwikurikiranya bukoresha itandukaniro ryubucucike kugirango ugere gutandukana.
Igishushanyo nibigize ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere
Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere byakozwe kugirango byongere ingaruka zisanzwe zogutandukanya ibice. Ibikoresho mubisanzwe bigizwe nibice nka jigs, spiral, kunyeganyeza ameza, hamwe nibitangazamakuru bitandukanya, buri kimwe cyagenewe kunoza uburyo bwo gutandukana kubikorwa byihariye.
Imashini ya Jig
Imashini za Jig ziri mubwoko busanzwe bwibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga. Bakoresha amazi atemba kugirango bagabanye ibice bishingiye ku bucucike. Jig ikora icyerekezo kinyeganyeza gitera uduce duto cyane gutura hasi mugihe ibice byoroheje bikomeza guhagarikwa. Iri tondekanya ryorohereza gukuramo amabuye y'agaciro menshi mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.
Gutandukanya Spiral
Gutandukanya spiral ikoresha umuyoboro uhagaze ushyizwe kumurongo, aho ibiryo bigaburirwa hejuru kandi uburemere bukayobora imigezi kumanuka. Imbaraga za centrifugal hamwe na gravit zitera uduce duto twinshi twerekeza mugice cyimbere cyizunguruka, mugihe uduce duto duto dusunikwa hanze. Ubu buryo ni ingirakamaro cyane mu gutandukanya ibice byiza.
Porogaramu yubucucike bushingiye kubutandukanye ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere
Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere busanga porogaramu nini mu nganda zinyuranye bitewe nuburyo bukora neza. Inganda zingenzi zirimo ubucukuzi, gutunganya, no gucunga imyanda, aho gutandukanya ibikoresho bishingiye ku bucucike ari ngombwa.
Inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro
Mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga ni ingenzi mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro kugira ngo akuremo amabuye y'agaciro nka zahabu, amabati, n'icyuma. Ubushobozi bwibikoresho bwo gukora amajwi manini no kubyara ibyiciro byo murwego rwo hejuru bituma biba ngombwa. Kurugero, gutandukanya imbaraga rukoreshwa cyane mugutanga ubutare bwicyuma, aho gutandukanya itangazamakuru riremereye bitandukanya ubutare bwicyuma cyinshi nubwinshi bwumwanda.
Gutunganya no gucunga imyanda
Inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa zikoresha ibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga mu gutandukanya ibikoresho nk'ibyuma, plastiki, n'ibirahure biva mu myanda. Mugukoresha inyungu zinyuranye, recyclers irashobora kugarura neza umutungo wingenzi. Kurugero, mugutunganya slag, ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere bifasha gukuramo ibyuma mubikoresho bitari ibyuma, byongera umutungo wo kugarura.
Ibyiza bya Gravity Sorting ibikoresho mubucucike bushingiye kubutandukanye
Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere bitanga ibyiza byinshi bituma bigira ingaruka nziza yo gutandukana. Izi nyungu zirimo amafaranga make yo gukora, gukora neza gutandukana, hamwe no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Ikiguzi-Cyiza
Uburyo bwo gutandukanya imbaraga za rukuruzi muri rusange ntibuhenze kuruta ubundi buryo bwo gutandukana nka floth flotation cyangwa magnetique. Ibikoresho biroroshye gukora no kubungabunga, kugabanya ibiciro muri rusange. Byongeye kandi, gutandukanya imbaraga za gravit birashobora gukora ingano nini yo gutunganya, bikarushaho kuzamura ubukungu bwayo.
Gutandukana cyane
Imikorere yibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere biterwa nubushobozi bwayo bwo gukoresha ibintu bifatika byibikoresho. Mugushingira kubutandukaniro butandukanye, ibikoresho birashobora kugera kurwego rwo hejuru mubicuruzwa bitandukanye. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye uburyo bwo gutandukana burenga 90% mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe, bishimangira imikorere yuburyo bushingiye ku rukuruzi.
Inyigo Yerekana Kumikorere
Ibimenyetso bifatika biva mubikorwa byinganda birashimangira kandi imikorere yibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga mu gutandukanya ubucucike.
Inyungu za Ore
Mu nganda zitunganya amabuye y'icyuma, ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere nka spiral na jigs byakoreshejwe mu kongera ibyuma birimo amabuye y'agaciro. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu birombe byo muri Afurika y'Epfo bwerekanye ko gukoresha itandukaniro rya rukuruzi byongereye icyiciro cya fer kiva kuri 55% kigera kuri 64%, mu gihe kugabanya umwanda ku buryo bugaragara.
Gusubiramo ibicuruzwa
Mu gutunganya ibishishwa biva mu mashanyarazi y’imyanda, ibikoresho byo gutondagura imbaraga bigira uruhare runini. Amasosiyete yatangaje ko yazamuye igipimo cyo kugarura ibyuma mugihe akoresha uburyo bushingiye ku rukuruzi, bigatuma inyungu ziyongera kandi bikagabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije. Gukoresha ibikoresho nkibi bihuza nibikorwa birambye mugabanya imyanda no guteza imbere umutungo.
Urufatiro rwa Theoretical Gushyigikira Gravity Sorting
Imikorere yibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga ntabwo bigaragazwa gusa nibikorwa bifatika ahubwo binashyigikirwa nicyitegererezo.
Hydrodynamic Theory
Amahame ya Hydrodinamike asobanura imyitwarire yuduce duto duto. Imikoranire hagati yimyunyu ngugu ningendo ningirakamaro mugutandukanya imbaraga. Uburyo bwa Laminar hamwe n’imivurungano bigira ingaruka nziza yo gutandukana, kandi ibikoresho byashushanyije bifata ibi bintu kugirango imikorere igerweho.
Umuvuduko wihuta
Umuvuduko wanyuma, umuvuduko uhoraho ugerwaho nigice iyo imbaraga za rukuruzi ziringanijwe nimbaraga zo gukurura, nigitekerezo cyingenzi mugutondekanya imbaraga. Igishushanyo mbonera kigamije gushyiraho ibihe aho ibice bishobora kugera cyangwa kwegera umuvuduko wanyuma, byongera itandukaniro rishingiye kubucucike.
Inzitizi n'imbibi
Nubwo ibyiza byayo, ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere bihura nibibazo bishobora guhindura imikorere. Gusobanukirwa izo mbogamizi ni ngombwa mugutezimbere inzira yo gutandukana.
Ingano yubunini
Imikorere yo gutandukanya imbaraga igabanuka hamwe nuduce duto cyane bitewe no kugabanya umuvuduko wo gutuza no kwiyongera kwingendo ya Brown. Ibi birasaba gukoresha uburyo bwinyongera cyangwa guhindura ibikoresho kugirango ukore neza ibikoresho byiza.
Ubucucike
Ibikoresho bifite ubucucike busa birashobora kugorana gutandukana ukoresheje ibikoresho byo gutandukanya imbaraga. Mu bihe nk'ibi, kongera itandukaniro ryubucucike binyuze mbere yo gutunganya cyangwa guhuza gutandukanya imbaraga hamwe nubundi buhanga nka magnetiki cyangwa flotation gutandukanya bishobora kuba ngombwa.
Iterambere muri tekinoroji ya Gravity
Ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa niterambere ryikoranabuhanga bikomeje kunoza imikorere yibikoresho byo gutandukanya imbaraga.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho
Udushya mu gushushanya ibikoresho, nko guteza imbere sisitemu yo gutandukanya ibyiciro byinshi no guhuza automatike, byatumye habaho kongera umusaruro no kwinjiza. Ibikoresho bigezweho byo gutondekanya imbaraga zirimo sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura kugirango uhindure imikorere ikora mugihe nyacyo.
Uburyo bwo Gutandukanya Hybrid
Gukomatanya imbaraga za gravit hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gutandukana byongera imikorere muri rusange. Kurugero, guhuza imbaraga za rukuruzi hamwe no gutandukanya magnetique bituma habaho gutunganya neza ibikoresho aho itandukaniro ryubucucike ari rito ariko imiterere ya magneti iratandukanye cyane.
Ibidukikije no Kuramba
Ibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga bigira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere umutungo no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije.
Ingufu
Uburyo bushingiye ku mbaraga rukuruzi zikoresha ingufu ugereranije nubuhanga bwo gutandukanya imiti cyangwa ubushyuhe. Kwishingikiriza ku mbaraga zikurura imbaraga bigabanya gukoresha ingufu, biganisha ku myuka ihumanya ikirere ijyanye n’ibikorwa byo gutunganya.
Kugabanya imyanda
Mugutandukanya neza ibikoresho byingenzi ninzuzi zimyanda, ibikoresho byo gutondagura imbaraga bigabanya ubwinshi bwimyanda isaba kujugunywa. Ibi ntibibungabunga gusa imyanda ahubwo binagabanya ingaruka zishobora kwangiza ibidukikije byangiza imyanda.
Impuguke Zitekereza kubikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere
Inzobere mu nganda zemera uruhare rukomeye rwibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga mu gutunganya ibikoresho bigezweho.
Dr. Jane Smith, inzobere mu byuma bya metallurgjiya, yagize ati: \ 'Gutandukanya imbaraga za rukuruzi bikomeje kuba urufatiro mu gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro bitewe n'ubworoherane bwabyo kandi bukora neza. Iterambere mu bishushanyo mbonera ry'ibikoresho rikomeje kwagura imikoreshereze yaryo, ku buryo ari ngombwa mu gushaka uburyo bunoze kandi bunoze bwo gutunganya. \'
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, John Doe, umujyanama mu nganda zongera gutunganya ibicuruzwa, ashimangira ati: \ 'Ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga zo kugarura ibyuma biva mu migezi y’imyanda ihambaye ni ingenzi cyane ku bukungu bw’umuzingi. Iradufasha kongera umutungo wabura ukundi, bikagira uruhare mu kubungabunga ibidukikije no kuzamuka mu bukungu. \'
Ibitekerezo bifatika byo gushyira mubikorwa ibikoresho byo gutondekanya uburemere
Gushyira mubikorwa neza ibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga bisaba gutekereza neza kubintu bitandukanye.
Ibiranga ibikoresho
Gusobanukirwa imiterere yibikoresho bigomba gutunganywa nibyingenzi. Ibintu nkubunini bwikwirakwizwa ryikwirakwizwa, itandukaniro ryinshi, hamwe nubushuhe bugira ingaruka kumahitamo yibikoresho no kubishushanya.
Guhitamo ibikoresho no kuboneza
Guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwibikoresho byo gutondekanya imbaraga biterwa na porogaramu yihariye. Ibitekerezo birimo icyifuzo cyo gutandukana neza, ibisabwa byinjira, nimbogamizi zikorwa. Ibikoresho byihariye birashobora kuba nkenerwa kugirango bikemure ibibazo byihariye byo gutunganya.
Umwanzuro
Imikorere ya Gravity itondekanya ibikoresho muburyo bwo gutandukana bishingiye ku bucucike bushingiye ku mahame remezo yumubiri kandi azamurwa niterambere ryikoranabuhanga. Kuba yarakwirakwijwe cyane mu nganda bishimangira akamaro kayo mu gutunganya neza ibikoresho. Mugukoresha imbaraga rukuruzi, ibi bikoresho bigera kubikorwa byo gutandukana cyane, biteza imbere kuramba, kandi bitanga ibisubizo byigiciro cyo kugarura umutungo.
Nkuko inganda zikomeje gushyira imbere imikorere irambye no gukoresha neza umutungo, uruhare rwa Ibikoresho bya Gravity Sorting ibikoresho bizakomeza kuba intangarugero. Ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa no guhanga udushya byizeza kurushaho kunoza ubushobozi, gushimangira umwanya wacyo nkikoranabuhanga ryibanze mu nzira yo gutandukana.
