Ukuqalisa
Le khasi Umshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo usuphenduke ucezu olusemqoka lwemishini embonini yesihlabathi kanye ne-gravel. Ukutholwa kwayo okusabalele kubhekwe ngokusebenza kwayo, ukuthembeka, kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza isihlabathi esezingeni eliphakeme elilungele izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokwakha. Le ndatshana idlulela kwizizathu ezingemva kokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwemishini yokuwasha isihlabathi yesondo, ukuhlola ukwakheka kwabo, ukusebenza, kanye nezinzuzo ngaphezu kolunye ubuchwepheshe bokuwasha isihlabathi.
Ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokuwasha isihlabathi
Ukugeza isihlabathi kube yinqubo ebalulekile embonini yezokwakha amashumishumi eminyaka. Ekuqaleni, izindlela zezandla nemishini elula zazisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza isihlabathi, kepha lezi zazingasebenzi kahle futhi zidla isikhathi. Ngokuqala kokuthuthuka kwezimboni, kwakunesidingo sobuchwepheshe bokuwasha isihlabathi obusebenza kahle. Umshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo uqhamuke njengesixazululo, uhlanganisa ukulula ngempumelelo.
Izindlela zokuqala nokulinganiselwa kwazo
Izindlela zokugeza zesihlabathi zendabuko ezibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwamabhakede namazwi, ezazisebenza kanzima futhi zazingenakuhlangabezana nezidingo zamaphrojekthi wokwakha amakhulu. Lezi zindlela nazo zingenawo amandla okususa ukungcola okuhle, okuholela esihlabathini esezingeni eliphansi.
Ukusungula imishini
Ukwethulwa kwama-washer we-mehendi abhalwe ukuthuthuka okukhulu. Imishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi ebomvu yayiphakathi kweyokuqala, kepha yayinezithiyo ezifana nokusebenzisa amanzi aphezulu kanye nokulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwesihlabathi esihle. Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo wathuthukiswa ukubhekana nalezi zingqinamba, enikeza ikhambi elisebenza kahle futhi elisebenzayo.
Design and ukusebenza kwemishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo
Umshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo ubeka umklamo oyingqayizivele oyibeka ngaphandle kwezinye izinhlobo. Ngokuvamile iqukethe imoto, ithangi lamanzi, isondo kanye nohlelo lokuhambisa. Ukulula kokwakheka kwalo kunomthelela ekuthembekeni kwayo nasekukhululekeni kwesondlo.
Inqubo yokusebenza
Umshini usebenza ngokusebenzisa isondo elijikelezayo ukususa isihlabathi ethangini eligcwele amanzi. Njengoba isondo lijikeleza, liphakamisa isihlabathi esihlanzekile ngaphandle kwamanzi futhi ivumela amanzi amaningi ukuqeda. Le nqubo isusa ngempumelelo ukungcola okufana nokusilika nobumba kusuka esihlabathini.
Ukusebenza kwamandla
Uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imishini yokuwasha isihlabathi, umshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo uchitha amandla amancane. Idizayini yayo inciphisa ukungqubuzana nokulahleka kwemishini, okwenza kube inketho engabizi kakhulu yezitshalo zesihlabathi.
Izinzuzo ngaphezu kweminye imishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi
Ukusetshenziswa okusabalele kwesondo ngemishini yokuwasha isihlabathi kubalulekile ngenxa yezinzuzo eziningi abanikela ngazo ngaphezulu kwemishini.
Ukulahleka kwesihlabathi okuncishisiwe
Inzuzo eyodwa ebalulekile ukulahleka okuncane kwesihlabathi esihle. Idizayini iqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlayiya ezibalulekile zesihlabathi zigcinwa ngesikhathi sokugeza, zithuthukisa ikhwalithi ephelele nenani lokuphuma.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphansi
Imishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo yaziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kwamanzi okuphansi. Zenzelwe ukwenza kabusha amanzi ngaphakathi kohlelo, kunciphisa isidingo sokugcwaliswa kwamanzi okuhlala njalo futhi kubenze banobungane bemvelo.
Ukulungiswa okulula nokuqina
Ukulula kokwakhiwa komshini kuphumela ekuqhekekeni okumbalwa kanye nokulungiswa okulula. Izakhi ezifana ne-haring zihlukaniswe namanzi nezinto zokwakha, ukuvimbela ukulimala nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila komshini.
Izicelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene
Ngenkathi ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha, umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo unezicelo kweminye imikhakha.
Imboni Yezokumbiwa phansi
Emisebenzini yezokumbiwa phansi, umshini wokuwasha ngesihlabathi wesondo uyasiza ekuhlanzeni i-ore, ukususa ukungcola kanye nokulungisa izinto zokucutshungulwa okwengeziwe. Ukusebenza kwayo kuthuthukisa umkhiqizo ophelele ezingosini zezimayini.
Ukuphathwa Kwezemvelo
Amaphrojekthi ezemvelo asebenzisa imishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo enhlabathini nokuhlanza i-sediment. Badlala indima ebalulekile ezindaweni ezidayisa ama-decontinamin ezithintwe imfucuza yezimboni.
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye namathemba esikhathi esizayo
Ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo kuholela ekuthuthukisweni okwengeziwe emishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo.
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-automation
Imishini yesimanje ifakwe izici ezenzakalelayo, okuvumela ukuqapha kanye nezinguquko zesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle futhi kunciphise isidingo sokungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla.
Ukuthuthuka Kwe-Eco-Friendly
Abakhiqizi bagxile ekwenzeni imishini eqhubekayo ngokwengeziwe ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokwenza ngcono amandla okuvuselela amanzi. Ukuthuthuka okunjalo kuhambisana nemizamo yokulondolozwa kwemvelo yemvelo.
Izifundo zamacala zibonisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo
Amaphrojekthi amaningana abonise izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amasondo okugeza izindonga.
Iphrojekthi A: Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesihlabathi
Inkampani yokwakha ibike ukukhuphuka kwama-20% kwekhwalithi yesihlabathi ngemuva kokushintshela emishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi. Ukungcola okuncishisiwe kuholele ekutheni ukuhlanganiswa kokhonkolo okunamandla kanye nobuqotho obungcono bokuhleleka.
I-Project B: Ukuncishiswa kwezindleko
Kwesinye isigameko, umsebenzi wezimayini wehlise izindleko zabo zokusebenza ngo-15% ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi komshini nezidingo zokulungiswa okuncane.
Imibono yesazi
Ochwepheshe bezimboni bagqugquzela ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo ngokuya ngokusebenza kwabo nokwethembeka kwabo.
Ukusebenza kahle ekusebenzeni
UDkt John Smith, onjiniyela bemishini, uthi,
Izinzuzo Zemvelo
Amanothi wezemvelo uJane Doe amanothi, 'Le mishini ifaka isandla ekusebenzeni okuqhubekayo ngokulondolozwa kwamanzi nokunciphisa imfucuza, ukuhambisana nemithetho yezemvelo. '
Izinselelo Nezixazululo
Naphezu kwezinzuzo, kunezinselelo ezihlotshaniswa nemishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo.
Ukusingathwa kwezinto ezihlukumezayo
Izinto ezi-abrasive zingadala ukugqokwa nokudabula izimpukane zesondo. Ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivimbela ukugqokwa ekwakheni le nkinga.
Ukulinganiselwa kwamakhono
Ngenkathi kufanelekile ekusebenzeni okuphakathi nendawo, amaphrojekthi amakhulu amakhulu angadinga imishini eminingi. Abakhiqizi bathuthukisa amamodeli amakhulu ukubhekana nalesi sidingo.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuqhathanisa neminye imishini
Ukuqhathanisa amasondo emishini yokuhlanza izindonga nezinye izinhlobo zihlinzeka ngokuqonda ekusebenziseni kwazo okusabalele.
IMISEBENZI YOKUVELA KWESIKHATHI SAMAHHALA SAMUT
Imishini evunguzayo ivame ukuholela ekulahlekelweni kwesihlabathi okubalulekile kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi okuphezulu. Imishini yesondo inikela ngokugcinwa okungcono kwesihlabathi futhi inobungani bemvelo.
Uhlelo lwe-Versus hydrocyclone
Izinhlelo ze-Hydrocyclone ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zidinga ukusebenza kwamakhono. Imishini yokuwasha yesihlabathi yesondo ilula ukusebenza nokugcina, okwenza ukuthi itholakale kalula kubasebenzisi abahlukahlukene.
Umthelela kwezomnotho we-Wheel Sand wash imishini
Ukwemukelwa kwale mishini kunemiphumela enkulu yezomnotho yezimboni ezihilelekile.
Ukonga izindleko
Amabhizinisi azwakala anciphise izindleko zokusebenza ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nezidingo ezincane zokulungiswa, okuholela ekunciphiseni inzuzo.
Ukukhiqiza Ukukhiqiza
Ngokuhlanza isihlabathi okusebenzayo, amaphrojekthi angathuthuka ngokushesha, okuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zithathe amaphrojekthi amaningi futhi zithuthukise ukuncintisana kwazo kwemakethe.
Ukugcina
Le khasi Umshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo ufakazele ukuthi uyimpahla ebalulekile ekucutshungweni kwesihlabathi, enikeza ukusebenza kahle, ukonga izindleko, kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okusakazekile kungubufakazi bokusebenza kwayo ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zezimboni. Njengoba intuthumo yezobuchwepheshe iyaqhubeka, le mishini kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ebaluleke ngokwengeziwe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene, iqinisa kakhulu ukubaluleka kwayo.
