Intangiriro
The Imashini imennye imashini yahindutse igikoresho cyingenzi mubikoresho byo mu mucanga no gukata inganda. Kwegera kwayo byitirirwa imikorere yacyo, kwizerwa, nubushobozi bwo gutanga umucanga mwiza ubereye kubisabwa. Iyi ngingo isize mumpamvu zitera gukoresha cyane imashini zimennye ibiziga, ushakisha igishushanyo mbonera, imikorere, kandi cyungukira hejuru yindi miganga.
Ubwihindurize bwo gukaraba
Gukaraba k'umucanga byabaye inzira yingenzi mu nganda zubwubatsi mumyaka mirongo. Mu ntangiriro, uburyo bw'intoki n'ibikoresho byoroheje byakoreshwaga mu gusukura umucanga, ariko ibi byari byiza kandi bitwara igihe. Hamwe no gutakaza inganda, hakenewe tekinoroji yo koza imicane idahwitse. Imashini yoza ibiziga ibiziga yagaragaye nkigisubizo, ihuza ubworoherane hamwe nuburyo bwiza.
Uburyo bwo hambere nuburyo bugarukira
Uburyo bw'umucanga gakondo bwarimo gukoresha indobo n'abanyebenyaga, byari byimazeyo kandi ntibishobora kubahiriza ibyifuzo byinshi byo kubaka. Ubu buryo kandi bwabuze ubushobozi bwo gukuraho umwanda mwiza, bivamo umucanga wo hasi.
Guhanga udushya mu mashini
Intangiriro yumusenyi wa mashini yashyizeho iterambere ryinshi. Imashini zo guhaza umucanga zari mu mucanga zari mu ba mbere, ariko bari bafite imbonankubone nko kunywa amazi menshi no gutakaza cyane umucanga mwiza. Imashini imesa yingabibu yiziga yateguwe kugirango ikemure ibyo bibazo, itanga igisubizo cyiza kandi cyiza.
Igishushanyo n'imikorere yimashini yoza ibiziga
Imashini imennye imashini imesa igaragaramo igishushanyo cyihariye kitandukanya nubundi bwoko. Muri rusange bigizwe na moteri, ikigega cyamazi, uruziga, na sisitemu yo kwandura. Ubworoherane bwa gishushanyo bigira uruhare mu kwizerwa no koroshya.
Uburyo bwo gukora
Imashini ikora ukoresheje uruziga ruzunguruka kugirango uhuze umucanga mumazi yuzuye amazi. Nkibiziga bizunguruka, bizamura umucanga usukuye mumazi kandi wemerera amazi arenze gukura. Iyi nzira ikuraho neza umwanda nka stal n'ibumba kuva kumusenyi.
Ingufu
Ugereranije n'ibindi bikoresho byo gukaraba umucanga, imashini imesheje ibiziga igura ingufu nke. Igishushanyo cyacyo kigabanya ubukana nubutaka bwakanico, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya ibihingwa bitunganya umucanga.
Ibyiza hejuru yizindi ngabo
Gukoresha cyane imashini yo guhaza ibiziga ibiziga ahanini biterwa nibyiza byinshi batanga kubindi bikoresho.
Kugabanya igihombo cy'umucanga
Ibyiza bimwe byingenzi nigihombo gito cyumucanga mwiza. Igishushanyo cyemeza ko uduce twimise mu migi rugumirwa mugihe cyo gukaraba, kuzamura ubuziranenge rusange nubunini bwibisohoka.
Kunywa amazi yo hepfo
Imashini zo guhaza umucanga zizwiho imikoreshereze y'amazi make. Bagenewe gusubiramo amazi muri sisitemu, bigabanya gukenera kuzura amazi ahora no kuba inshuti.
Kubungabunga byoroshye no kuramba
Ubworoherane bwibisubizo byubwubatsi mubice bike no kubungabunga byoroshye. Ibigize nko kubyara bitandukanijwe namazi nibikoresho, gukumira ibyangiritse no kuranga imashini ubuzima bwimashini.
Gusaba mu nganda zitandukanye
Mugihe ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zubwubatsi, imashini imesa yingamizi ifite porogaramu mu zindi nzego.
Inganda
Mubikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini yo koza ibiziga ibiziga ifasha mu kwezwa kwa ore, ikuraho umwanda no gutegura ibikoresho byo gukomeza gutunganywa. Imikorere yayo itezimbere umusaruro muri rusange mu mbuga zo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro.
Imicungire y'ibidukikije
Imishinga y'ibidukikije ikoresha imashini imennye umucanga itangazabutaka n'ubusukishwa. Bafite uruhare rukomeye mu turere dutesha agaciro imyanda.
Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nigihe kizaza
Ubushakashatsi n'iterambere bukomeje biganisha ku kurushaho kunoza mu mashini imennye imashini.
Kwishyira hamwe no kwitoza
Imashini za kijyambere zifite ibikoresho byo gufata, kwemerera gukurikirana no guhinduka. Iri shyirahamwe rinorera imikorere kandi rigabanya icyifuzo cyo gutabara.
Iterambere ry'ibidukikije
Abakora baribanda ku guhindura imashini zirambye mu kugabanya ibiyobyabwenge no kuzamura ubushobozi bwo gutunganya amazi. Iterambere nk'iryo rihuza ibikorwa byo kubungabunga ibidukikije ku isi.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana imikorere
Imishinga myinshi yerekanye inyungu zo gukoresha imashini zimeza imizinga.
Umushinga A: Kunoza ubuziranenge bwumurage
Isosiyete y'ubwubatsi yatangaje ko abantu 20% bongera umucanga nyuma yo guhinduranya imashini imennye imari. Igabanuka ryagabanijwe ryatumye ruvuza ruvuza beto hamwe nubunyangamugayo bwiza.
Umushinga B: Kugabanuka kw'ibiciro
Mu rundi rubanza, ibikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro byagabanijwe ibiciro byabo 15% bitewe n'imashini ingufu nke kandi isaba ibintu bitari byiza.
Ibitekerezo by'impuguke
Impuguke mu nganda zishyigikira ikoreshwa ry'imashini zoza ibiziga zishingiye ku mikorere yabo no kwizerwa.
Gukora neza mubikorwa
Dr. John Smith, injeniyeri w'imashini
Inyungu z'ibidukikije
IBIKORWA BY'IBIKORWA Jane Doe, 'Izi mashini zigira uruhare mu mikorere irambye ukiza amazi no kugabanya imyanda, ugabanye amabwiriza y'ibidukikije. '
Inzitizi n'ibisubizo
Nubwo ibyiza, hari ibibazo bifitanye isano nimashini zimeza umucanga.
Gukemura Ibikoresho byo Kubuza
Ibikoresho byo gukuramo birashobora gutera kwambara no gutanyagura kubice byibiziga. Kubungabunga buri gihe no gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya kwambara mubwubatsi bigabanya iki kibazo.
Imipaka
Mugihe bibereye imikorere yo hagati, imishinga nini cyane irashobora gusaba imashini nyinshi. Abakora batezimbere moderi nini kugirango bakemure ibikenewe.
Isesengura rigereranya nibindi bikoresho
Kugereranya imashini yoza umucanga hamwe nubundi bwoko butanga ubushishozi muburyo bwabo bwo gukoresha.
Nimashini yo gukomeretsa
Imashini zizunguruka akenshi ziganisha ku gutakaza umucanga hamwe no kurya amazi menshi. Imashini zibiziga zitanga imari nziza kandi zifite urugwiro.
Nuburyo bwa Hydrocyclone Sisitemu
Sisitemu ya Hydrocyclone iragoye kandi isaba imikorere yubuhanga. Imashini zo guhaza umucanga ziraroroshye gukora no kubungabunga, kugirango babone amahirwe kubakozi batandukanye.
Ingaruka z'ubukungu bw'imashini imennye imashini
Kwemeza izo mashini bifite akamaro mubukungu kunganda zirimo.
Kuzigama kw'ibiciro
Ubucuruzi buhuye nigiciro cyibikorwa kubera gukoresha ingufu no kubikenera bike, biganisha kunguka inyungu.
Kuzamura umusaruro
Hamwe no gukora isuku neza, imishinga irashobora gutera imbere byihuse, yemerera ibigo gufata ibigo byinshi no kongera irushanwa ryabo.
Umwanzuro
The Imashini yoza ibiziga yagaragaye ko ari umutungo wingenzi mumikino yo gutunganya umucanga, itanga imikorere, kuzigama ibiciro, nibidukikije. Gukoresha kwayo ni Isezerano kumikoranire yayo mugusaba inganda. Nkuko iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rikomeje, izo mashini ziteganijwe kurushaho guhura ninzego zinyuranye, kurushaho gushikama akamaro kayo.
