Ukuqalisa
Embonini wanamuhla nokwakhiwa kwezimboni, isidingo sesihlabathi esezingeni eliphakeme sikhuphuke kakhulu. Isihlabathi siyinto eyisisekelo esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kokhonkolo, ukukhiqizwa kwengilazi, kanye nezinye izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezidinga amazinga okuhlanzeka aqinile. Ukuba khona kokungcola okufana nobumba, isilika, kanye nento e-organic kungathinta kabi ukusebenza nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amasu okugeza isihlabathi asebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukususwa kwalokhu kungcola. Le khasi Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo usuvele njengemishini ebalulekile ekufezeni umphumela wesihlabathi ohlanzekile. Lo mbhalo uhlola izindlela lapho umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo uqinisekisa ukulethwa kwesihlabathi esihlanzekile, uhlole imidwebo yayo, imigomo yokusebenza, nezinzuzo ezindleleni zokugeza isihlabathi sendabuko.
Ukubaluleka kwesihlabathi esihlanzekile embonini
Isihlabathi esihlanzekile asibalulekile hhayi kuphela ngezinhloso zobuhle kodwa futhi nobuqotho bezinhlekelele nokuqina kwezinto zokwakha. Ukungcola esihlabathini kungaholela ekubopheni okubuthakathaka ekuxubeni kokhonkolo, kuncishiswe ukucaca emikhiqizweni yengilazi, kanye nemikhiqizo ebunjiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola kungadala ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuwohloka ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba kunje, izimboni ziya ngokuya zigcizelela isidingo sobuchwepheshe bokuwasha isihlabathi obuphambili obungakhiqiza isihlabathi sihlangane namazinga aphezulu kakhulu.
Design nezakhi zomshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo
Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo uklanyelwe ngobuhlakani ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle ekuhlanzeni izinhlayiya zesihlabathi. Idizayini yayo inezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ngobunye ukususa izinto ezingafuneki.
Isondo lokugeza
Enhliziyweni yomshini yisondo lokuwasha, elijikeleza kancane ngemuva kwezimoto ezihlotshiswe nge-V-Belt, ukuncipha, kanye negiya. Isondo lihlome ngamabhakede ahlehlisa isihlabathi ethangini lokuxazulula. Njengoba isondo lijikeleza, isihlabathi siphakanyisiwe futhi amanzi akhipha amanzi, anciphise ngempumelelo umswakama wesihlabathi.
Uhlelo lokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi
Uhlelo lokuhlinzekelwa kwamanzi lubalulekile ekuzuzeni ukwahlukanisa ukungcola esihlabathini. Amanzi ahlanzekile aqhubeka elondliwa ethangi lokuwasha, adala ukugeleza kwamanzi okuqinile okuphazamisa izinhlayiya zesihlabathi. Lokhu kuguga kukhipha futhi kumisa ukungcola, okuvumela ukuba bathathwe yi-WEIR echichimayo.
Idivayisi yokuthumela
Idivaysi yokudlulisela ihlukaniswe ngokuphelele emanzi nasesihlabathini, ukuvimbela ukulimala nokugqoka ngenxa yokuxhumana nokungcola. Lesi sici sokuklama sithuthukisa ukuqina kanye nokwethenjwa komshini, ukunciphisa izidingo zokulungiswa kanye nokuphila kwensiza ekwanda.
Imigomo yokusebenza yomshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo
Ukuqonda imigomo yokusebenza yomshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo kubalulekile ukuze ukwazisa ukusebenza kwayo ekukhiqizeni isihlabathi esihlanzekile.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi
Umshini usiza ukwahlukaniswa kwamandla adonsela phansi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinhlayiya zesihlabathi nokungcola. Njengoba isihlabathi sinobukhulu obuphakeme kunokungcola okuningi, sixazulula phansi kwethangi lokuwasha, ngenkathi kumiswa okungcolile kumisiwe futhi kuthathwe ngokugeleza kwamanzi.
Ukuqashwa Nokuxabana
Njengoba isondo lokugeza lijikeleza, kudala ukuphazamiseka okumnene okubangela izinhlayiya zesihlabathi ukuba zibhekele omunye komunye. Lokhu kungqubuzana kusiza ukuklwebulwa noma yikuphi ukungcola okungaphezulu okulandelwe okusanhlamvu kwesihlabathi. Idizayini iqinisekisa ukuthi le nqubo icacile okwamanje ayilimazi izinhlayiya zesihlabathi.
Ukuchichima okuqhubekayo
Ukungcola kanye nezinhlayiya ezinhle kususwa ngohlelo oluqhubekayo oluchichimayo. Amanzi, kanye nokungcola okumisiwe, ageleze phezu kwe-weir futhi akhishwe, aqinisekise ukuthi okuhlanzekile kuphela okuqoqwe ngamabhakede futhi asuswa ethangini.
Izinzuzo ngaphezu kwezindlela zokugeza zesihlabathi zendabuko
Umshini wokuwasha kwesihlabathi wesondo unikeza izinzuzo eziningana uma kuqhathaniswa namasu okugeza okugeza okusatshalaliswa kwendabuko okufana nemishini yokuwasha isihlabathi noma ukugeza ngesandla.
Ukusebenza kahle kanye nokulondolozwa kwamandla
Idizayini yomshini ivumela ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlanzeni kwesihlabathi ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi. Ijubane lokujikeleza kancane lesondo lehlisa izidingo zamandla, nenqubo esebenza kahle yokuhlukanisa inciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi.
Ukulahleka kwehlise isihlabathi esihle
Izindlela zokugeza zesihlabathi zendabuko zivame ukuba nomphumela ekulahlekelweni kwezinhlayiya ezinhle zesihlabathi, ezinganciphisa isivuno sonke. Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo unciphisa lokhu kulahleka ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olulawulwa olulawulwa olugcina izinhlayiya ezilusizo zesihlabathi.
Izidingo zokulungiswa okuphansi
Ngezakhi ezibalulekile ezivikelwe emanzini nesihlabathi, umshini uhlangabezana nokugqoka okuncane nokudiliza. Lokhu kuphumela ezindlekweni zokulungiswa okuphansi kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
Izicelo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene
Ukuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene komshini wokuwasha kwesihlabathi wesondo kwenza kube lula ukuthola izicelo ezahlukahlukene.
Imboni Yokwakha
Emkhakheni wezokwakha, ikhwalithi yesihlabathi ithinta ngqo amandla nokuqina kokhonkolo. Umshini uqinisekisa ukuthi isihlabathi esisetshenziswa ekwakheni asinalo ukungcola okungenza buthaka ubuqotho bezakhiwo namaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda.
Ukukhiqiza ingilazi
Abakhiqizi bezingilazi badinga isihlabathi ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-silica nokungcola okuncane ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yengilazi ecacile neqinile. Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo uwonakalisa ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi yesihlabathi edingekayo yalo mkhakha.
Ukusebenza Kwamathoni
Amathole asebenzisa isikhunta sesihlabathi kwinqubo yokuphonsa. Ukuba khona kokungcola kungadala amaphutha emikhiqizweni yensimbi. Isihlabathi esihlanzekile esilungiselelwe ngumshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo sithuthukisa ikhwalithi nokunemba kokukhokhiswa.
Ubuchwepheshe ubuchwepheshe
Intuthuko yakamuva ithuthukise ukusebenza kanye nokusebenza komshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo.
Izinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo nezinhlelo zokulawula
Imishini yesimanje ifakwe izici ezenzakalelayo ezivumela ukulawulwa okuqondile kwamapharamitha okusebenza. Lokhu kufaka ukulungisa amanani okugeleza kwamanzi, isivinini sokujikeleza kwamasondo, nokubheka ikhwalithi yesihlabathi sokukhipha.
Ama-motor asebenza ngamandla
Ukufakwa kwama-motors asebenza ngamandla kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukusebenza. Lokhu kunomthelela ezindlekweni eziphansi zokusebenza futhi kusekela izindlela zokusima kokusimama kwemvelo.
Izinto ezithuthukisiwe nokuqina
Ukusebenzisa izinto zokulwa nokugqwala kanye namasu okwakha okuqinile kukhuphule isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezinde futhi kunciphise imvamisa yokubuyiselwa.
Izifundo zamacala nedatha yokusebenza
Idatha eMpirical evela ezimbonini ezisebenzisa umshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo zibonisa ukusebenza kwayo.
Amazinga athuthukisiwe wokuhlanzeka kwesihlabathi
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi umshini ungafinyelela amazinga okuhlanzeka esihlabathini adlula ama-98%, anciphise kakhulu ukuba khona kwezinto ezisusiwe. Lesi sigaba esiphakeme sokuhlanzeka sihumusha ukwenza imikhiqizo yokugcina engcono.
Ukwanda kokusebenza kokukhiqizwa
Izinkampani zibika kuze kufinyelele kuma-25% enyuke ekusebenzeni kahle kokukhiqiza ngenxa yekhono lomshini lokucubungula amanani amakhulu esihlabathi ngokushesha nangendlela efanele. Lokhu kusebenza okusebenzayo kuvumela ukukala ukukala ekusebenzeni ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemakethe.
Ukonga izindleko
Ngokunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokwenza kahle ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza, umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo unikela ngokonga izindleko ezibalulekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nezidingo ezincane zokulungiswa kwenezela ezinhlelweni zezezimali.
Umthelela wezemvelo kanye nokusimama
Imikhuba esimeme iya ngokuya ibaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini yezimboni. Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo usekela izinhloso zezemvelo ngezindlela eziningana.
Ukulondolozwa kwamanzi
Umshini wenzelwe ukusebenzisa amanzi kahle, ngezinhlelo ezisendaweni yokuvuselela futhi usebenzise kabusha amanzi ngaphakathi kwenqubo yokuwasha. Lokhu kunciphisa i-Footprint ephelele yamanzi yokusebenza kwesihlabathi.
Ukuncishiswa kwezinto zokwakha imfucuza
Ngokususa ngempumelelo ukungcola, umshini usiza ukunciphisa ukulahla kwesihlabathi esingcolile, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Izimpawu ezihlukanisiwe zingalawulwa ngendlela efanele, zinamathele kwimithetho yezemvelo.
Ukusebenza kwamandla
Ukusebenza okusebenzayo kwamandla kuholela ekutholeni indawo ephansi yekhabhoni. Izidingo zamandla eziphansi zomshini zinomthelela ekunciphiseni ukuphuma kwamagesi abamba ukushisa okuhambisana nokukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Imikhuba yokulungisa nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu
Ukulungiswa okufanele nokusebenza okufanele kubalulekile ukuze wandise ukusebenza komshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo.
Ukuhlolwa njalo
Ukwenza ukuhlola okujwayelekile kwezakhi zomshini kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izimpawu zokugqoka noma ukungasebenzi kahle kukhonjwa kusenesikhathi. Le ndlela esebenzayo ivimbela ukwehlukana okungalindelekile kanye nokuphila kwePespan.
Ukuqeqeshwa okufanele
Ama-opharetha kufanele aqeqeshwe ngokwanele emisebenzini nasemisebenzini yokuphepha yomshini. Ukuqonda amapharamitha okusebenza kuvumela ukulungiswa okwenza kahle ukusebenza futhi kugcinwe amazinga okuphepha.
Izindlela zokulawula ezisezingeni eliphakeme
Ukuqalisa izinqubo zokulawula ezisezingeni elifanele ukuqapha inhlanzeko yesitezi sesihlabathi kuqinisekisa ukuthi umshini usebenza ngaphakathi kokucaciswa okufunayo. Ukuhlunga nokuhlolelwa isihlabathi kufanele kwenziwe njalo.
Ukuthuthuka kwesikhathi esizayo kanye nezinto ezintsha
Ukuvela okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokuwasha ngesihlabathi kuthembisa ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe emshinini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo.
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-IOT
Ukufakwa kwe-inthanethi kwezinto (i-IOT) Technologies kusiza ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokuhlaziywa kwedatha. Lokhu okuhlanganisiwe kuvumela ukulungiswa okubikezelwayo kanye nokwenza inqubo yenqubo ngokususelwa ekubukweni okuqhutshwa idatha.
Isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo ethuthukisiwe
Intuthuko kwisayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo ingaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwama-alloys amasha nama-composites athuthukisa ukuqina nokusebenza komshini, noma ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu.
Imiklamo enobungani
Imiklamo yesikhathi esizayo ingahle igxile ekunciphiseni imithelela esengeziwe, njengokusebenzisa amasistimu wokukhipha uketshezi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamandla evuselelekayo yokusebenza kwamandla.
Ukugcina
Umshini wokuwasha isihlabathi wesondo uyimpahla ebucayi ekukhiqizweni kwesihlabathi esihlanzekile, esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu kuzicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Idizayini yayo efanelekile nemigomo yokusebenza iqinisekisa ukususwa okusebenzayo kokungcola, okufaka isandla kwikhwalithi ephelele yezinto zokwakha ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni, ezokukhiqiza, neminye imikhakha. Njengoba izimboni ziyaqhubeka nokufuna amazinga aphezulu wokuhlanzeka kwesihlabathi, iqhaza lomshini wokuwasha wesihlabathi wesondo liya ngokuya libaluleke kakhulu. Ukwamukela lobu buchwepheshe kuvumela izinkampani ukuthi zithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wazo, zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza, futhi zihlangabezane nezinhloso zokusimama kwemvelo. Ukutshala imali kwimishini ethuthukile efana ne I-Wheel Sand Whintshing Machine ivula indlela yokuqamba kanye nokuncintisana emakethe.
