Ukuqalisa
Ukwahlukana kazibuthe sekuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yezinqubo zesimanje zezimboni, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yokuphinda izimayini kanye nokuphinda usebenzise kabusha. Amandla okuhlukanisa ngempumelelo izinto ezinobungozi ezivela ezintweni ezingezona ezingezinhle azithuthuki nje kuphela ubumsulwa bomkhiqizo wokugcina kodwa futhi unikela ekulondolozeni izindleko kanye nokulondolozwa kwemvelo. Le nqubo yenziwa yenzeke ngokusebenzisa Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe , ebeka imigomo kazibuthe ukuze uhlukanise izinto ezimnandi. Ukuqonda ukuthi le mishini isebenza kanjani ezimbonini ezincike ekuhlanzekeni ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo nasekusetshenzisweni kwezinsiza ezisebenza kahle.
Izimiso zokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe
Emgogodleni wokwehlukanisa kazibuthe ukusetshenziswa kwamabutho kazibuthe ukuze ahlukanise izinto zokwakha. Lapho izinto zokwenziwa zidlula emhlabeni kazibuthe, izinhlayiya ezinobunzima zikhangwa ngumthombo wamandla kazibuthe, okuvumela ukwahlukana kwawo kusuka ezintweni ezingewona ama-magnetic. Lesi simiso sisebenzisa izakhiwo ezisisekelo zamazibuthe zensimbi nensimbi, ebikaze phambi kwensimu kazibuthe ngenxa yokuthola kwabo okuphezulu kanye nokubuyiselwa okuphansi.
Ukusebenza kahle kokwahlukana kazibuthe kuya ngamandla kagesi, i-gradient of the magnetic field, kanye nokususwa kwamabuzi kwezinto ezibonakalayo kucutshungulwa. Abahlukanisi bamabuyizi obukhulu abanamandla bayakwazi ukususa izinhlayiya ezinezinkinga eziphansi zamandla, zibenze baphumelele ngezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo.
Izinhlobo zemishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe
Abahlukanisi bamabuzi bamabutho bamabuzi baphakade
Abahlukanisi bamabuyizi bamabuzi baphakade basebenzisa ama-magren waphakade ukukhiqiza amandla kazibuthe. Lawa ma-magnets enziwa ngezinto zokwenziwa njenge-Ferrite noma i-ALLOOY yomhlaba engavamile, enikeza amandla kazibuthe angapheli ngaphandle kwesidingo sikagesi. Lolu hlobo lwe Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe isebenza kakhulu ekususeni okungcola okunamandla kusuka emikhiqizweni eyomile, egeleza mahhala njengokuhlangenwe nakho okusanhlamvu, ushukela, ufulawa, nezinye izinhlayiya ezimbonini zokufaka ukudla.
Abahlukanisi be-electromagnetic
Abahlukanisi be-electromagnetic bakhiqiza amandla kazibuthe ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kagesi. Amandla kazibuthe angashintshwa ngokuhlukahluka kwamanje, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwezinto ezihlukanisayo ezinezindawo ezihlukile zamabuthe. Abahlukanisi balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho amandla kazibuthe adinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile.
Amanzi wesigubhukazi isigubhu sezikhumba
Izihlukanisi ze-Wet Drum Magnetic zisetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwenzeka khona ku-liquid medium. Le mishini ibalulekile ekucutshungulweni kwamaminerali amaminerali ukuthola izinto ezibucayi kakhulu. Idizayini yesigubhu esimanzi ivumela ukuthathwa kwezinto ezinobunzima ezikuhle kakhulu kubahlukanisi bobomile bendabuko. Izimboni ezinjengokusebenza kwamalahle kanye nokuzuzwa kwamaminerali sebenzisa kakhulu lolu hlobo Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe yokuthuthukisa ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kanye namanani wokutakula.
Izindlela zokuhlukaniswa
Inqubo yokuhlukanisa ifaka izindlela eziningana ezibalulekile ezinika amandla ukwehlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwezinto zokwakha ezilinganayo. Enye indlela eyinhloko ekhanga kazibuthe, lapho izinhlayiya ezinobunzima zidonswa emthonjeni kazibuthe. Enye indlela yokuxoshwa kwezinto ezingezona amabuthe, ezibavumela ukuba zidlule ehlukanisiwe ngaphandle. Ngokwengeziwe, amabutho adonsela phansi kanye nama-fluid ashukumisayo ashukumisayo adlala izindima ezintweni ezihambisayo ngokusebenzisa ohlukanisi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zikamagnetic nezobunzima zihlukaniswe ngempumelelo.
Abahlukanisi abathuthukile bafaka izindlela eziningi ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa. Isibonelo, abahlukanisi abasezingeni eliphakeme bama-gradient maginient basebenzisa imatrix enhle ye-Ferromagnetic izintambo ukudala izifunda eziningi ze-magrenetic, ethwebula ngisho nezinhlayiyana ezibuthakathaka. Le ndlela enezici eziningi ibalulekile ezimbonini ezidinga amazinga aphezulu obumsulwa.
Izicelo embonini
Ukucubungula kwezimayini kanye namaminerali
Embonini yezokumbiwa phansi, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe kuyinqubo ebaluleke kakhulu yokugxila kwama-ores nokususa ukungcola. Imishini isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa amaminerali afanele afebe avela eGangue, ngaleyo ndlela akhuphuke ikhwalithi ye-ore. Isibonelo, ekucutshungweni kwama-oretite ama-ores, abahlukanisi bamabuzi basetshenziswa kakhulu ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwensimbi futhi banciphise ukungcola.
Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza
Izikhungo zokuphinda zisebenze kabusha zisebenzisa ukwahlukana kazibuthe ukuze athole izinsimbi ezi-Ferrous kusuka kumifudlana yokungcola ehlanganisiwe. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-landfill kodwa futhi kuphinde kuphinde kuphinde kuphinde kube nezinsizakusebenza ezibalulekile. Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe iyithuluzi lokuhlunga izinsimbi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibuyiselwe kabusha zibuyiselwe ngempumelelo izinto ezingezinhle futhi ezingezinhle zicutshungulwa ngendlela efanele.
Izimboni Zokudla Nezemithi
Ezimbonini lapho ukuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kubaluleke kakhulu, njengokucubungula ukudla kanye nemithi, abahlukanisi bamabuzi bavimbela ukungcoliswa kwensimbi. Izinhlayiya ezincane ze-ferrous zingafaka imikhiqizo ngokugqoka nokunyathela kwemishini yokucubungula. Ukusebenzisa ukwahlukana kazibuthe kuqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zingcolisiwe ziyasuswa, zivikela impilo yabathengi kanye nokugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa kazibuthe
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe iholele ekuthuthukisweni kwemishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe ephumelelayo. Ukusungulwa okunjengezimpi ezingavamile - zomhlaba zikhuphule kakhulu amandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwabahlukanisi bakazibuthe. I-Rare-Earth Magnets efana neNeNeyodmium-Iron-Boron ihlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu kazibuthe, avumela ukwahlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu futhi ngisho nezinye izinto ezingezinhle ezingezinhle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokulawula ezenzakalelayo kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwabahlukanisi bamabuzi. I-automation yenza ukulawula okuqondile kwenqubo yokwehlukanisa, ukunciphisa ukungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nokwanda kokudlula. Lezi zithuthuka zinenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinkulu zezimboni lapho ukungaguquguquki nokusebenza kahle kubalulekile.
Idizayina ukucatshangelwa kwabahlukanisi bamabuzi
Ukuqamba uhlelo olusebenzayo lwamandla kazibuthe kudinga ukucatshangelwa kwezici eziningana. Uhlobo lokuqukethwe okucutshungulwa, kufaka phakathi usayizi wezinhlayiyana, ukuncishiswa kwamazibuthe, kanye nesilinganiso sokuphakelwa, kuthonya ukukhetha kwemishini. Ngokwengeziwe, izinga lokuhlanzeka elifunekayo lezinto ezihlukanisiwe libonisa amandla nokucushwa kwensimu kazibuthe.
Ukulungiswa kwemishini nezindleko zokusebenza nazo zibucayi. Ukukhetha izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside kanye nezinto ezithembekile kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwe Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe . Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kungenye ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kwabahlukanisi be-electromagnetic, lapho ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kungakuthola khona.
Izifundo zamacala nezibonelo zomkhakha
Isibonelo esiphawuleka sokwehlukana kazibuthe esenzweni sikumboni wamamayini wamalahle. Abakhiqizi bamalahle basebenzisa abahlukanisi bamazibuthe ukususa i-tramp iron kusuka kuthunyelwa kwamalahle ukuvikela ukungcolisa imishini. Ukususwa kokungcola okunamandla kuvimbela ukulimala kwemishini futhi kuqinisekise ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza.
Ezikhungweni zokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, ukusetshenziswa kwezihlukanisi ze-magnetic ezande ngaphezulu kuvumela ukususwa okuqhubekayo kwezinsimbi ze-ferrous kusuka emifuleni yokungcola. Le mishini yandisa kakhulu izinga lokutakula izinsimbi ezinamandla, linomthelela kwimikhuba yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha futhi kunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo wokulahlwa kukadoti.
Umthelela wezemvelo kanye nokusimama
Ukwahlukana kazibuthe kunomthelela ekusimeni kwemvelo ngokukhuthaza ukulondolozwa kwezinsiza kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza. Ngokukhipha kahle izinsimbi ezinobudlova ezivela emifudlaneni yokungcola, izimboni zingaphinda zisebenze kabusha izinto ezazingafaka isandla ekungcoleni kwemvelo. Le nqubo inciphisa isidingo sezinto zokwenziwa izinto eziyintombi nto, ukulondolozela izinsiza zemvelo kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuhambisana nokumbiwa kwezimayini nokucubungula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulahlwa okufanele kokungcola okunamandla okungcolisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto eziyingozi azifaki imvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukwahlukana kazibuthe kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu endalweni yezimboni, kusekelwa ushintsho ekukhiqizweni okuzinzile kakhulu nasekusetshenzisweni kwamaphethini.
Izinselelo Nezixazululo
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo, ukuhlukaniswa kazibuthe kubhekana nezinselelo ezinjengokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya ezinhle nokuphathwa kwezinto zokwakha ezinezingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izinhlayiya ezinhle ze-ferrous kungenzeka zingabikwa ngempumelelo ngabahlukanisi abajwayelekile abasemagnanini ngenxa yamandla anganele amabala noma ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwezinto ezingewona amabuthe.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga, izimboni zamukela abahlukanisi abasezingeni eliphakeme abasezingeni eliphezulu nezimpawu ezithuthukile ezithuthukisa ukuthathwa kwezinhlayiya ezinhle. Ucwaningo Nokuthuthukiswa kuyaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono amakhono we Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe , eqinisekisa ukuthi ihlangabezana nezidingo ezivelayo zemikhakha ehlukahlukene.
Izitayela zesikhathi esizayo ekuhlukaniseni kazibuthe
Uma ubheka phambili, imboni yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe ilungele ukufaka ubuchwepheshe obuqhamukayo njengokufunda komshini kanye ne-intelligence yokufakelwa. Lezi zibuchwepheshe zingalungisa izinqubo zokuhlukanisa ngokulungisa amapharamitha ngesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngezimpawu ezibonakalayo kanye nempendulo yenqubo.
Ngokwengeziwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha zikamagnetic anamandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nezinga lokushisa kuzothuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwabahlukanisi bamazibuthe. I-push maqondana nemikhuba esimeme izothuthukisa okusha ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwemishini yokuhlukanisa kazibuthe.
Ukugcina
Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe iyisici esibucayi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene zokwahlukana nokuhlanzwa kwezinto zokwakha. Ngokufaka amandla amabutho amabuthe, la madivaysi enza kahle uhlukanise izinto zokwakha, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokufaka isandla ekusimeni kwezemvelo. Intuthuko eqhubekayo kuthembisa ubuchwepheshe bokwengeza amandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe Imishini yokuhlukaniswa kazibuthe , eqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala iyithuluzi elibalulekile ezinkambisweni zezimboni. Ukuqonda ukuthi le mishini isebenza kanjani futhi umthelela wawo ekusebenzeni ubalulekile embonini ochwepheshe abafuna ukukhulisa izinqubo zabo futhi bamukele imikhuba eqhubekayo.
